<section style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 "><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;margin-bottom: 24px;text-align: center;" nodeleaf=""></section></section><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">车牌里的字母，往往暗藏城市的“江湖地位”。在大多数省份，B牌几乎都是“第二号人物”。像粤B是深圳，鲁B是青岛，它们不是经济强，就是地位硬。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">可在云南，你却怎么也找不到“云B”。事实上，它并不是一开始就没有“云B”，这个车牌曾经属于一座城市——东川。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">1958年，东川“因铜设市”。但辉煌没能持续太久，东川便成为了中国第一个因为资源枯竭而“消失”的城市。它没有被推平，只是从“市”变成了昆明的一个“区”。这一变化，后来被概括为“东川现象”。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">曾经的云南第二城，如今变成了什么模样？这里的人，现在又过着怎样的生活？本期视频，我们来到云南东川，探寻昔日的中国铜都。</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="channels_iframe_wrp" nodeleaf=""><mp-common-videosnap class="js_uneditable custom_select_card channels_iframe videosnap_video_iframe videosnap_video_iframe" data-pluginname="mpvideosnap" data-url="https://findermp.video.qq.com/251/20304/stodownload?encfilekey=rjD5jyTuFrIpZ2ibE8T7YmwgiahniaXswqzkmbs8nooxT86FlxNxW2jDN6MPdIX2ibwTh7jXkCVBicJhxRfSEI7Q61F4612M0TcLAxe3k0fCM1zq3CLibsR56KTA&token=x5Y29zUxcibDJkEDSffg4icN5mNMJEYuHTTu2GoNjlmmibbAxwByTFIA2KiaeWdWqDLSlYDTUKO8XSTjVmB6CajcmWYmwvicD5ICU5g5g13O0ZSfQUjU9nIovyxibO6BZj7eCNBf3ric1uFNsZLaqtlOxycEIMzrfA9kE8eeiaL4pricMXOhViablUo3RZsGkRlJaT34DF&hy=SH&idx=1&m=&scene=2&uzid=1&wxampicformat=503&picformat=200" data-headimgurl="http://wx.qlogo.cn/finderhead/b2ONlmmVZRq1svkiaaMyJROQ8DuxpIq8tBuibfWAoQNFib9AzJ2qDiayGQ/0" data-username="v2_060000231003b20faec8c5e6881ec0d1cd03e831b0774c4af168719e1890eeafc9fd0a4a3ee1@finder" data-nickname="城市漫游计划" data-desc="东川，这座消失的云B车牌归属地，在1958年因矿建市。那时，全国各地的人涌入这里，掀起了声势浩大的“万人探矿”。可惜繁荣没有持续太久，1998年，东川成为中国首个因为资源枯竭而“消失”的城市——被撤市设区并入了昆明。如今其GDP在昆明各区中长期靠后，许多人只能外出谋生。本期视频，我们走进东川，寻找这座“消失”了近三十年的城市。#微信科普时刻 #地理科普 @微信时刻" data-nonceid="5879173004338540304" data-width="1920" data-height="1440" data-type="video" data-id="export/UzFfAgtgekIEAQAAAAAAksotcrBHtQAAAAstQy6ubaLX4KHWvLEZgBPEjYI0NDVQCLaOzNPgMIs6ZAVU8pMCvhQ9dIA7xVa_"></mp-common-videosnap></section></section><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: PingFang SC, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;text-align: right;" data-pm-slice="0 0 "><section style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 0.4px;line-height: 1.6;font-family: PingFangSC-light;"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mguaqmkwoyv" data-mpa-action-id="mguaqmlhhac" data-pm-slice="0 0 " style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 14px;">点击上方视频，即可观看</span></p></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;line-height: 1.3;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 22px;padding: 0px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">撤市设区，</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">东川如今是什么样</span></strong></p></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">东川在昆明的最北侧，与市区相隔约150公里。我们落地后租车启程，从长水机场一路北上。落地时还淅淅沥沥下着小雨，没想到一路驶去天色渐开。两个多小时的车程后，我们终于抵达了东川。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">趁着天色还没完全暗下来，在酒店办理完入住后，我们准备在城区转一转。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">整个城区肉眼看上去人并不多，但几乎每到一个路口，就能看到一个洗手台。当地人介绍，这些洗手台集中出现在疫情期间。2020年，云南省开始推进爱国卫生“7个专项行动”，当年昆明便开始在全城铺设公共洗手设施。</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;" nodeleaf="">169462</section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">在洗手台一侧的维护管理公示牌上，可以看到洗手台对应的明确责任人。我们凑过去试了一下，出水口感应灵敏，手一伸，水就流下来。洗手液也摆在旁边，随时可用。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">比洗手台更多的，是随处可见的坡。东川位于云贵高原北端，山地起伏大、地形复杂，城区纵向的街道几乎全部都是上下坡。</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;" nodeleaf="">169463</section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 5%;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 5px 0px 10px;transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 95%;padding: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.4px;line-height: 1.6;padding: 0px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">东川区位于昆明市最北端，为典型的高山深谷地貌</span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">远远看坡度不算大，一旦走起来，却并不比跑步机的爬坡训练轻松。同事老李一边喘气一边吐槽：“它不是一个小坡爬完就没了，它是坡上跟着坡，延绵不绝的坡。”</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;" nodeleaf="">169466</section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">复杂破碎的山地地貌，却孕育出富集的铜矿资源。东川，因矿而兴。清代时，全国每十枚铜币里，就有七枚产自这里，“天南铜都”之名由此而来。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">《东川市志》也记载：“东川是一座以产铜为主的工矿城市”</span><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [para,{tagName:section,attributes:{style:box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);,data-pm-slice:0 0 "></span><span leaf="">。</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;" nodeleaf="">169468</section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 5%;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 5px 0px 10px;transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 95%;padding: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.4px;line-height: 1.6;padding: 0px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">如今的东川城区的一条主干道，道路宽阔，两侧绿树成行</span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">如今的城区，当地人仍习惯称作“新村”。这里曾是东川的市中心，至今还能看到那些被时代镌刻的印记：工人剪影的壁画、带着“铜”字的街牌、象征矿业的雕塑，以及那座依旧灯火可见的铜都大酒店。</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;" nodeleaf="">169469</section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">天色一点点暗下来，我们沿着古铜路找到一家小馆。两人点了牛干巴、炒牛肉和炒空心菜，分量刚刚好。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">点菜时，我们问老板牛干巴是什么，她想了想也没找到精准的说法。其实，牛干巴就是将牛肉用盐、花椒等调料腌制后，再风干或煎炸而成。虽然叫“干巴”，口感却并不干巴，而且越嚼越有咸香味。</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;" nodeleaf="">169471</section></section><section style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 5%;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;margin: 5px 0px 10px;transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(4px, 0px, 0px);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><br/></section></section><section style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 95%;padding: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin: 0px 0% 10px;text-align: right;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(160, 160, 160);text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 0.4px;line-height: 1.6;padding: 0px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.4px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">云南特色小吃“牛干巴”</span></span></p></section></section></section></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="font-family: PingFangSC-light;line-height: 1.9;padding: 0px 12px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">老板说，这家店已经开了二十六年。聊起东川，她随口补充道：“东川市，现在改成区了。”</span></p></section><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><br/></span></p><section style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0% 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""></section></section><section style="margin: -5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="text-align: left;line-height: 1.3;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 22px;padding: 0px 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">曾经的矿业重镇，</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="letter-spacing: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">从万人喧嚣到沉寂无声</span></strong></p></section></section><p style="white-space: norm